Blognya Mas Radit

Alternative history: What if Franz Ferdinand was never assassinated? Context World War I began in 1914. The main cause of it was the assassination of Franz Ferdinand by a student of Slavic descent due to discontent over the rule of Austria-Hungary on the Slavic lands. After Franz Ferdinand was assassinated, conflict between imperialist states (Germany, Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Turkey) and nationalist states (France, Britain, Russia, Serbia, Belgium, Montenegro, Japan, Italy, Romania, Portugal, Hijaz, China, Greece and Siam), which intensified into a worldwide conflict and became World War I. During World War I, the imperialist states lost, then the treaty of Versailles was ratified to end the conflict, which made some German politicians, including Adolf Hitler, disappointed. But what if the assassination of Franz Ferdinand was just an unsuccessful attempt? Skenario During the late 19th century and the early 20th century, nationalism as an ideology had been spreading throughout the w...

Alternative history: What if Pan-Africanism succeeded? Context Pan-Africanism is an ideology which demands for all or some of the African states to unite. The pioneer was Marcus Garvey from Jamaica. In the 20th century, European powers were competing to gain their territory for colonies in Africa and divided the continent into their own colonies. At that time, the ideology of Pan-Africanism emerged, but not only that, a religious movement called Rastafarianism, which has the belief that Haile Selassie was the Messiah and Ethiopia is the promised land, is established in Jamaica. At the end of the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th century, many African countries gained their independence. At that time, some African leaders, such as Kwane Nkrumah, Julius Nyerere, Thomas Sankara and Moammar Gaddafi, advocated pan-Africanism, but they did not succeed in uniting all or some of the countries of Africa. But what if in this alternative timeline there was someone who succeeded uniting...

Alternative history: What if the Ancient Egyptians became a superpower? Context The Ancient Egyptians were the first ancient civilisations to emerge on this planet. Throughout history, they have been attacked by other nations. They have opened trade routes, but they only opened these routes throughout Egypt and did not go elsewhere. Because they were too weak, the story of the presence of the Ancient Egyptians had ended due to the Persian conquest of Egypt, then the Roman conquest. The Berbers are the indigenous people of North Africa. Throughout history, they never had their own civilisation. They had been ruled by foreigners, from the Ancient Egyptians, Carthaginians, Ancient Romans, Arabs to the modern French and Spanish nations. Although there was a trade route across North Africa, they never had their own civilisation because they were consistently living in a nomadic way in the desert. Although they never had their own civilisation, but they had a good leader, Shoshenq I, who rul...

Alternative history: What if the Carthaginians conquered Rome?  Context The Romans defined the borders of the European continent. The Roman rule had brought in civilisation, government system and structure to countries which one day would have their own empires. Before the Romans ruled the coastal areas of Southern Europe and Northern Africa, they had a strong rival, who were the Carthaginians. The Carthaginians ruled territories across the sea making fortunes by sea trade. Because there were the Romans in Southern Europe, there were tensions between the Romans and the Carthaginians. Even a war between the Romans and the Carthaginians happened three times, the first time was in 264 - 241 BC, the second time was 218 - 201 BC, whereas the third time was 149 - 146 BC. The Romans won these wars. But what if the Carthaginians won these wars instead? Scenario The Carthaginians were a nation which hailed from Phoenicia, which is present-day Lebanon. The city of Carthage was established in...

Present-day Morocco has been inhabited by human beings since the Paleolithic era. In 1971, fossils were found, and these fossils were bones of an early human species which were presumably 400,000 years old, then after another investigation in 2017, scientists had found out that they were 300,000 years old. During the Upper Paleolithic era (50,000 - 10,000 years ago), North Africa, including present-day Morocco, was more fertile than North Africa today, because it was a grassland full of shrubs at that time. In 4200 BC, North Africa, including present-day Morocco, which used to be a grassland full of shrubs had transformed into a desert which is called the Sahara nowadays, along with the end of the Ice Age. Around 800 BC, the Phoenicians, who came from present-day Lebanon, began to colonise present-day Morocco. During the Phoenician rule of present-day Morocco, they established cities such as Chellah, Lixus and Mogador. In the 5th century BC, the hegemony of Carthage, a state ruled by t...

Alternative history: What if the Arab states were united? Context Before World War I, the United Kingdom had established protectorates in the Middle East, then after the Ottoman Empire got weaker, the United Kingdom finally established a protectorate in Qatar. In 1918, Germany lost World War I, and the loss of Germany had made the British and the French to seek for new colonies, and they had chosen the Middle East as their base to establish protectorates. In the 1920s, the British and the French carved up the Middle East to establish their own colonies and the borders that are established are artificial. In 1926, the kingdom of Hijaz was defeated by the Saudi kingdom ruled by the House of Saud. After 20 years, independence movements emerged everywhere, thus countries such as Jordan, Syria, Iraq were created with artificial borders. After that, an Arab nationalist ideology called Ba'athism emerged, which give birth to authoritarian rulers such as Saddam Hussein. Due to the ousting o...

Alternative history: What if the Spanish never colonised the Philippines?  Context During the 16th century, the Spanish and the Portuguese were competing to seek for colonies in the 'New World'. At that time, the Spanish and the Portuguese signed a treaty that Spain would have their colonies to the west and Portugal to the East. In 1521, Magellan arrived on the island of Limasawa in the Philippines and he began to spread Christianity in the Philippines, then he continued his voyage to Cebu until his death during the Battle of Mactan. But what if in this alternative timeline the Spanish failed to colonise the Philippines?  Scenario In the real timeline, the Spanish and the Portuguese are competing each other to look for colonies in the 'New World'. The same thing would also happen in this alternative timeline. But there would be some differences between the real timeline and this alternative timeline, although there would be similarities, such as the spread of Christiani...