Alternative history: What if Pan-Africanism succeeded?

Alternative history: What if Pan-Africanism succeeded?

Context

Pan-Africanism is an ideology which demands for all or some of the African states to unite. The pioneer was Marcus Garvey from Jamaica. In the 20th century, European powers were competing to gain their territory for colonies in Africa and divided the continent into their own colonies. At that time, the ideology of Pan-Africanism emerged, but not only that, a religious movement called Rastafarianism, which has the belief that Haile Selassie was the Messiah and Ethiopia is the promised land, is established in Jamaica. At the end of the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th century, many African countries gained their independence. At that time, some African leaders, such as Kwane Nkrumah, Julius Nyerere, Thomas Sankara and Moammar Gaddafi, advocated pan-Africanism, but they did not succeed in uniting all or some of the countries of Africa. But what if in this alternative timeline there was someone who succeeded uniting some of the countries of Africa?

Scenario

At the end of the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th century, European colonists competed to gain their territory for colonies in Africa to get access to natural resources, which that process was called the Scramble for Africa. During the Scramble for Africa, the Europeans divided the continent for their own colonies. During the World War l, Germany lost their colonies due to the Treaty of Versailles, Tanzania was to be given to the British, Cameroon was divided into two territories, where the north was given to the French and the south was given to the British, Togo was to be given to the French and Western Togoland was to be given to the British. At that time, Pan-Africanism, which was a movement to unite all or some of the countries of Africa, emerged, and Marcus Garvey was the pioneer. At that same time, a religious movement called Rastafarianism, which has the belief that Haile Selassie was the Messiah and Ethiopia is the promised land, emerged. Due to the existence of these two movements, many of the black people in America had their ambitions to go back to Africa. All that would have also happened in this alternative timeline, but the difference is the migration of Marcus Garvey to Africa to free the people of Africa from British colonialism. There would also be a mass migration of black people from North America, the Caribbean and South America to Africa in this alternative timeline, and Marcus Garvey would have been fighting to free the British colonies in Africa from colonialism. In this alternative timeline where Marcus Garvey's struggle for freeing the people of Africa from colonialism existed, Marcus Garvey would have demanded the union of all British colonies in Africa and eventually independence, and the state which he would have established would be a federal state with nationalism as its ideology (Federal Republic of Africa). 

In this alternative timeline, there would be wars between the British colonies and the Africans in the lands that would be ruled by Marcus Garvey, and the Africans would have won the war. After their independence, the Federal Republic of Africa would be a regional superpower in Africa, but that does not mean that the country would not be occupied by foreigners. In this alternative timeline, World War II would still have happened, Pearl Harbour would still have been bombed by Japan, the Nazis would still have took power in Germany. The forces involved in World War II would be divided into two, Britain-USA-USSR and Germany-Italy-Japan. In this alternative World War II, Italy would have occupied the whole of Africa, thus there would be resistance from the Africans. 

In this alternative mid-20th century, the Federal Republic of Africa would annex Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djiboutu, Somalia, the western part of Libya, Angola and Mozambique. Not only that would happen, Malcolm X would also migrate to Africa to free the French colonies in West Africa from colonialisation. In this alternative 1950s, there would be a major war in Africa, separatist movements would emerge in the Federal Republic of Africa. In this alternative timeline, Egypt and Ethiopia would secede from the Federal Republic of Africa, even wars to gain these countries' independence would have happened.

In this alternative timeline, there would be wars between the French and the West Africans in the country that would later be led by Malcolm X, which would be called the United States of West Africa (États-Unis d'Afrique Occidentale) and the wars would be won by the West Africans. After independence, the independent West African state would annex Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde and Western Sahara. Separatist movements would emerge in this alternative West African state and those separatist movements would wage war against the West African state to fight for the independence of their nation. In this alternative timeline, Western Sahara, Mauritania and the northern part of Mali, or what is called Azawad in this alternative timeline, would have seceded from the West African state. Not only Azawad, Cape Verde would also secede. In this alternative timeline, the Federal Republic of Africa would become the Federal Republic of East Africa.

During this alternative 20th century, there would still be wars in Africa, because there would still be political strife in some of the African countries. But in this alternative timeline, there would be no conflict in Sudan and Uganda, because both of those countries would not exist. Sudan and Uganda in this alternative timeline, because these countries would have been part of the Federal Republic of East Africa.

In this alternative timeline, Gadaffi would have an ambition to unite the whole of Africa, but it would fail as in the real timeline, because Gadaffi would have also been ousted in this alternative 2011.

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